====== VIM ======

===== Compilar VIM =====

Descargar de [[http://www.vim.org/download.php|Download]]

Descomprimir

<code bash>
    ./configure --with-features=huge --enable-multibyte --prefix=$HOME/local
    make install
</code>

Eliminar luego directorio de fuentes

===== MAPPING =====

launching Win IE

<code vim>
nmap ,f :update<CR>:silent !start c:\progra~1\intern~1\iexplore.exe file://%:p<CR> 
nmap ,i :update<CR>: !start c:\progra~1\intern~1\iexplore.exe <cWORD><CR>
</code>

MAKE IT EASY TO UPDATE/RELOAD .vimrc

<code vim>
nmap ,s :source $VIM/.vimrc 
nmap ,v :e $VIM/.vimrc
</code>

Pull word under cursor into LHS of a substitute

<code vim>
nmap <leader>z :%s#\<<c-r>=expand("<cword>")<cr>\>#
</code>

send output of previous global command to a new window

<code vim>
nmap <F3>  :redir @a<CR>:g//<CR>:redir END<CR>:new<CR>:put! a<CR><CR> 
</code>

Pull word under cursor into LHS of a substitute

<code vim>
nmap <leader>z :%s#\<<c-r>=expand("<cword>")<cr>\># 
</code>

<code vim>
nmap ,t :s/.*/\L&/<bar>:s/\<./\u&/g<cr>  [N] " titlise a line
nmap ,z :redir @*<Bar>sil exec 'g@<\(input\<Bar>select\<Bar>textarea\<Bar>/\=form\)\>@p'<Bar>redir END<CR>
nmap <leader>p :let @* = substitute(@*,'[^[:print:]]','','g')<cr>"*p
nnoremap <F2> :let @*=expand("%:p")<cr> :unix " pull full path name into paste buffer for attachment to email etc
nnoremap <F2> :let @*=substitute(expand("%:p"), "/", "\\", "g")<cr> :win32
</code>

Following 4 maps enable text transfer between VIM sessions

<code vim>
:map   <f7>   :'a,'bw! c:/aaa/x       " save text to file x
:map   <f8>   :r c:/aaa/x             " retrieve text
:map   <f11>  :.w! c:/aaa/xr<CR>      " store current line
:map   <f12>  :r c:/aaa/xr<CR>        " retrieve current line
:ab php          " list of abbreviations beginning php
:map ,           " list of maps beginning ,
</code>

allow use of F10 for mapping (win32)

<code vim>
set wak=no       " :h winaltkeys
</code>

For use in Maps

<code vim>
<CR>             " carriage Return for maps
<ESC>            " Escape
<LEADER>         " normally \
<BAR>            " | pipe
<BACKSPACE>      " backspace
<SILENT>         " No hanging shell window
</code>

type table,,, to get <table></table>       ### Cool ###

<code vim>
imap ,,, <esc>bdwa<<esc>pa><cr></<esc>pa><esc>kA
</code>

list current mappings of all your function keys

<code vim>
:for i in range(1, 12) | execute("map <F".i.">") | endfor   [N]
</code>

get the original vim command on a mapped key [N]

<code vim>
unmap =
</code>

list current mappings of all your function keys

<code vim>
:for i in range(1, 12) | execute("map <F".i.">") | endfor   
</code>

Pull Visually Highlighted text into LHS of a substitute

<code vim>
:vmap <leader>z :<C-U>%s/\<<c-r>*\>/
</code>

insert date eg 31Jan11 [N]

<code vim>
:inoremap \zd <C-R>=strftime("%d%b%y")<CR>    
</code>

Titlise Visually Selected Text (map for .vimrc)

<code vim>
vmap ,c :s/\<\(.\)\(\k*\)\>/\u\1\L\2/g<CR>
</code>

Title Case A Line Or Selection (better)

<code vim>
vnoremap <F6> :s/\%V\<\(\w\)\(\w*\)\>/\u\1\L\2/ge<cr> [N]
</code>

titlise a line

<code vim>
nmap ,t :s/.*/\L&/<bar>:s/\<./\u&/g<cr>  [N]
</code>

Pressing F5 lists all buffer, just type number

<code vim>
:map   <F5> :ls<CR>:e # 
</code>

Quick jumping between splits

<code vim>
map <C-J> <C-W>j<C-W>_
map <C-K> <C-W>k<C-W>_
</code>

running file thru an external program (eg php)

<code vim>
map   <f9>   :update<CR>:!c:/php/php.exe %<CR>
map   <f2>   :update<CR>:!perl -c %<CR>
</code>

visual shifting (builtin-repeat)

<code vim>
:vnoremap < <gv
:vnoremap > >gv
</code>

Swap word with next word

<code vim>
nmap <silent> gw    "_yiw:s/\(\%#\w\+\)\(\_W\+\)\(\w\+\)/\3\2\1/<cr><c-o><c-l> [N]
</code>

pull full path name into paste buffer for attachment to email etc

<code vim>
nnoremap <F2> :let @*=expand("%:p")<cr> :unix
nnoremap <F2> :let @*=substitute(expand("%:p"), "/", "\\", "g")<cr> :win32
</code>

reproduce previous line word by word

<code vim>
imap ]  @@@<ESC>hhkyWjl?@@@<CR>P/@@@<CR>3s
nmap ] i@@@<ESC>hhkyWjl?@@@<CR>P/@@@<CR>3s
</code>

Programming keys depending on file type

<code vim>
:autocmd bufenter *.tex map <F1> :!latex %<CR>
:autocmd bufenter *.tex map <F2> :!xdvi -hush %<.dvi&<CR>
</code>

macro to comment out a block of code using #if 0

<code vim>
vmap out "zdmzO#if 0<ESC>"zp'zi#endif<CR><ESC> 
</code>
visual searching

<code vim>
:vmap // y/<C-R>"<CR> " search for visually highlighted text 
</code>

with spec chars

    :vmap <silent> //    y/<C-R>=escape(@", '\\/.*$^~[]')<CR><CR> 

search for declaration of subroutine/function under cursor

    :nmap gx yiw/^\(sub\<bar>function\)\s\+<C-R>"<CR> 

===== BUFFERS =====

    :close           " close a tab but leave the buffer *N*
    :tab sball       " retab all files in buffer (repair) [N]
    :ls              " list of buffers
    :bn              " goto next buffer
    :bp              " goto previous buffer
    :wn              " save file and move to next (super)
    :wp              " save file and move to previous
    :bd              " remove file from buffer list (super)
    :bun             " Buffer unload (remove window but not from list)
    :badd file.c     " file from buffer list
    :b3              " go to buffer 3 [C]
    :b main          " go to buffer with main in name eg main.c (ultra)
    :brew            " buffer rewind
    :sball,:sb       " Split all buffers (super)
    :scrollbind      " in each split window
    :set hidden      " Allows to change buffer w/o saving current buffer

capturing output of current script in a separate buffer

    :new | r!perl #                   " opens new buffer,read other buffer
    :new! x.out | r!perl #            " same with named file
    :new+read!ls

create a new buffer, paste a register "q" into it, then sort new buffer

    :new +put q|%!sort


===== VIMDIFF =====

local and remote files via ssh

<code>

vimdiff /path/to/file scp://remotehost//path/to/file

</code>

<code>

vim -d file1 file2        " vimdiff (compare differences)
dp                         " "put" difference under cursor to other file
do                         " "get" difference under cursor from other file
[c                         " jump backwards to change
]c                         " jump forwards to change
:set diffopt+=icase        " switch case sensitivity on and off

</code>

complex diff parts of same file [N]

<code>

:1,2yank a | 7,8yank b 

</code>

===== Sorting =====

==== Sorting with internal sort ====

[range]sort - sort the lines in the [range], or all lines if [range] is not
given. e.g. '':'<,'>sort'' - sort the current visual selection

:'a,'b!sort -u " use an external program to filter content

!1} sort -u " sorts paragraph (note normal mode!!)
<code vim>
:sort /.*\%2v/   " sort all lines on second column [N]
</code>

==== Sorting with external sort ====

<code vim>
:%!sort -u          " use an external program to filter content
:'a,'b!sort -u      " use an external program to filter content
!1} sort -u         " sorts paragraph (note normal mode!!)
:g/^$/;/^$/-1!sort  " Sort each block (note the crucial ;)
:let @s=":%!sort -u "
:g/^$/;/^$/-1!sort  " Sort each block (note the crucial ;)
</code>


===== Searching =====

==== searching over multiple lines \_ means including newline ====

<code vim>
/begin\_.*end               " search over possible multiple lines
/<!--\_p\{-}-->                   " search for multiple line comments
/fred\_s*joe/               " any whitespace including newline [C]
</code>

===== How to search for a URL without backslashing =====

<code vim>
?joe                 " (first) search BACKWARDS!!! clever huh!
/joe/e               " cursor set to End of match
3/joe/e+1            " find 3rd joe cursor set to End of match plus 1 [C]
/joe/s-2             " cursor set to Start of match minus 2
/joe/+3              " find joe move cursor 3 lines down
/.*fred\&.*joe       " Search for FRED AND JOE in any ORDER!
/\<fred\>/           " search for fred but not alfred or frederick [C]
/\(^str.*\n\)\{2}    " find 2 successive lines starting with str
[I                   " show lines matching word under cursor <cword> (super)
</code>

===== multiple file search =====

<code vim>
:bufdo /searchstr/                " use :rewind to recommence search
:bufdo %s/searchstr/&/gic   " say n and then a to stop
</code>

===== Specify what you are NOT searching for (vowels) =====

<code vim>
/\c\v([^aeiou]&\a){4}       " search for 4 consecutive consonants
/\%>20l\%<30lgoat           " Search for goat between lines 20 and 30 [N]
/^.\{-}home.\{-}\zshome/e   " match only the 2nd occurence in a line of "home" [N]
:%s/home.\{-}\zshome/alone  " Substitute only the 2nd occurrence of home in any line [U]
</code>

===== find str but not on lines containing tongue =====

<code vim>
^\(.*tongue.*\)\@!.*nose.*$
\v^((tongue)@!.)*nose((tongue)@!.)*$
.*nose.*\&^\%(\%(tongue\)\@!.\)*$
:v/tongue/s/nose/&/gic
</code>

===== Substitute =====

==== Substitute range and search conditional ====

    :'a,'bg/fred/s/dick/joe/igc " VERY USEFUL

==== substitute using a register ====

    :s/fred/<c-r>a/g            " sub "fred" with contents of register "a"
    :s/fred/<c-r>asome_text<c-r>s/g
    :s/fred/\=@a/g              " better alternative as register not displayed (not *) [C]

==== substitute string in column 30 [N] ====

    :%s/^\(.\{30\}\)xx/\1yy/

==== find replacement text, put in memory, then use \zs to simplify substitute ====

    :%s/"\([^.]\+\).*\zsxx/\1/

==== substitute singular or plural ====

    :'a,'bs/bucket\(s\)*/bowl\1/gic   [N]

==== Same thing ====

    :s#all/\zs.*#\=substitute(submatch(0), '/', '_', 'g')#

==== Substitute by splitting line, then re-joining ====

    :s#all/#&^M#|s#/#_#g|-j!

==== Substitute inside substitute ====

    :%s/.*/\='cp '.submatch(0).' all/'.substitute(submatch(0),'/','_','g')/

==== perform a substitute on every other line ====

    :g/^/ if line('.')%2|s/^/zz /

==== Best-Global-combined-with-substitute (*power-editing*) ====

    :'a,'bg/fred/s/joe/susan/gic "  can use memory to extend matching
    :/biz/,/any/g/article/s/wheel/bucket/gic:  non-line based [N]

==== Do a substitute on last visual area [N] ====

    :%s/\%Vold/new/g                

==== duplicating columns ====

    :%s= [^ ]\+$=&&=            " duplicate end column
    :%s= \f\+$=&&=              " Dupicate filename
    :%s= \S\+$=&&               " usually the same

==== Working with Columns sub any str1 in col3 ====

    :%s:\(\(\w\+\s\+\)\{2}\)str1:\1str2:

==== Swapping first & last column (4 columns) ====

    :%s:\(\w\+\)\(.*\s\+\)\(\w\+\)$:\3\2\1:

==== Substitute string ====

    :%s/^\(.\{30\}\)xx/\1yy/ " substitute string in column 30 [N]

==== best-substitution ====

    :%s/fred/joe/igc            " general substitute command
    :%s//joe/igc                " Substitute what you last searched for [N]
    :%s/~/sue/igc               " Substitute your last replacement string [N]
    :%s/\r//g                   " Delete DOS returns ^M

==== non-greedy matching \{-} ====

    :%s/^.\{-}pdf/new.pdf/      " delete to 1st occurence of pdf only (non-greedy)
    %s#^.\{-}\([0-9]\{3,4\}serial\)#\1#gic " delete up to 123serial or 1234serial [N]

===== Is your Text File jumbled onto one line? use following =====

    :%s/\r/\r/g                 " Turn DOS returns ^M into real returns
    :%s=  *$==                  " delete end of line blanks
    :%s= \+$==                  " Same thing
    :%s#\s*\r\?$##              " Clean both trailing spaces AND DOS returns
    :%s#\s*\r*$##               " same thing

===== deleting empty lines =====

<code vim>
:%s/^\n\{3}//               " delete blocks of 3 empty lines
:%s/^\n\+/\r/               " compressing empty lines
:%s#<[^>]\+>##g             " delete html tags, leave text (non-greedy)
:%s#<\_.\{-1,}>##g          " delete html tags possibly multi-line (non-greedy)
:%s#.*\(\d\+hours\).*#\1#   " Delete all but memorised string (\1) [N]
</code>

===== Deleting non-ascii characters (some invisible) =====

<code vim>
:%s/[\x00-\x1f\x80-\xff]/ /g      " type this as you see it
:%s/[<C-V>128-<C-V>255]//gi       " where you have to type the Control-V
:%s/[€-ÿ]//gi                     " Should see a black square & a dotted y
:%s/[<C-V>128-<C-V>255<C-V>01-<C-V>31]//gi " All pesky non-asciis
:exec "norm /[\x00-\x1f\x80-\xff]/"        " same thing
</code>

===== parse xml/soap =====

<code vim>
%s#><\([^/]\)#>\r<\1#g " split jumbled up XML file into one tag per line [N]
%s#><\([^/]\)#>\r<\1#g      " split jumbled up XML file into one tag per line [N]
%s/</\r&/g                  " simple split of html/xml/soap  [N]
:%s#<[^/]#\r&#gic           " simple split of html/xml/soap  but not closing tag [N]
:%s#<[^/]#\r&#gi            " parse on open xml tag [N]
:%s#\[\d\+\]#\r&#g          " parse on numbered array elements [1] [N]
ggVGgJ                      " rejoin XML without extra spaces (gJ) [N]
%s=\\n#\d=\r&=g             " parse PHP error stack [N]
:%s#^[^\t]\+\t##            " Delete up to and including first tab [N]
</code>

===== Copy a set of columns using VISUAL BLOCK (NOT BY ordinary v command) =====

    <C-V> then select "column(s)" with motion commands (win32 <C-Q>)
    then c,d,y,r etc

===== columnise a csv file for display only as may crop wide columns =====

    :let width = 20
    :let fill=' ' | while strlen(fill) < width | let fill=fill.fill | endwhile
    :%s/\([^;]*\);\=/\=strpart(submatch(1).fill, 0, width)/ge
    :%s/\s\+$//ge
===== Highlight a particular csv column (put in .vimrc) =====

    function! CSVH(x)
        execute 'match Keyword /^\([^,]*,\)\{'.a:x.'}\zs[^,]*/'
        execute 'normal ^'.a:x.'f,'
    endfunction
    command! -nargs=1 Csv :call CSVH(<args>)
===== call with =====

    :Csv 5                             " highlight fifth column

    zf1G      " fold everything before this line [N]

===== memory =====

    :%s#example#& = &#gic        " duplicate entire matched string [N]
    :%s#.*\(tbl_\w\+\).*#\1#    " extract list of all strings tbl_* from text  [NC]
    :s/\(.*\):\(.*\)/\2 : \1/   " reverse fields separated by :
    :%s/^\(.*\)\n\1$/\1/        " delete duplicate lines
    :%s/^\(.*\)\(\n\1\)\+$/\1/  " delete multiple duplicate lines [N]

===== use of optional atom \? =====

    :%s#\<[zy]\?tbl_[a-z_]\+\>#\L&#gc " lowercase with optional leading characters

===== over possibly many lines =====

    :%s/<!--\_.\{-}-->//        " delete possibly multi-line comments
    :help /\{-}                 " help non-greedy

===== multiple commands on one line =====

    :%s/\f\+\.gif\>/\r&\r/g | v/\.gif$/d | %s/gif/jpg/
    :%s/a/but/gie|:update|:next " then use @: to repeat

===== ORing =====

<code vim>
:%s/goat\|cow/sheep/gc      " ORing (must break pipe)
:'a,'bs#\[\|\]##g           " remove [] from lines between markers a and b [N]
:%s/\v(.*\n){5}/&\r         " insert a blank line every 5 lines [N]
</code>

===== Calling a VIM function =====

<code vim>
:s/__date__/\=strftime("%c")/ " insert datestring
</code>

===== format a mysql query =====

<code vim>
:%s#\<from\>\|\<where\>\|\<left join\>\|\<\inner join\>#\r&#g
</code>

===== filter all form elements into paste register =====

    :redir @*|sil exec 'g#<\(input\|select\|textarea\|/\=form\)\>#p'|redir END
    :nmap ,z :redir @*<Bar>sil exec 'g@<\(input\<Bar>select\<Bar>textarea\<Bar>/\=form\)\>@p'<Bar>redir END<CR>

===== decrement numbers by 3 =====

    :%s/\d\+/\=(submatch(0)-3)/

===== increment numbers by 6 on certain lines only =====

    :g/loc\|function/s/\d/\=submatch(0)+6/

===== better =====

    :%s#txtdev\zs\d#\=submatch(0)+1#g
    :h /\zs

===== increment only numbers gg\d\d  by 6 (another way) =====

    :%s/\(gg\)\@<=\d\+/\=submatch(0)+6/
    :h zero-width

===== rename a string with an incrementing number =====

    :let i=10 | 'a,'bg/Abc/s/yy/\=i/ |let i=i+1 # convert yy to 10,11,12 etc

===== as above but more precise =====

    :let i=10 | 'a,'bg/Abc/s/xx\zsyy\ze/\=i/ |let i=i+1 # convert xxyy to xx11,xx12,xx13

===== best-global command =====

<code vim>
:g/joe/,/fred/d             " not line based (very powerfull)
:g/fred/,/joe/j             " Join Lines [N]
:g/-------/.-10,.d          " Delete string & 10 previous lines
:g/{/ ,/}/- s/\n\+/\r/g     " Delete empty lines but only between {...}
:v/\S/d                     " Delete empty lines (and blank lines ie whitespace)
:v/./,/./-j                 " compress empty lines
:g/^$/,/./-j                " compress empty lines
:g/^/t.                     " duplicate every line
:g/fred/t$                  " copy (transfer) lines matching fred to EOF
:g/stage/t'a                " copy (transfer) lines matching stage to marker a (cannot use .) [C]
:g/^Chapter/t.|s/./-/g      " Automatically underline selecting headings [N]
:g/\(^I[^^I]*\)\{80}/d      " delete all lines containing at least 80 tabs
</code>

===== copy after line containing "otherstr" =====

    :'a,'bg/somestr/co/otherstr/ " co(py) or mo(ve)

===== as above but also do a substitution =====

    :'a,'bg/str1/s/str1/&&&/|mo/str2/
    :%norm jdd                  " delete every other line

===== incrementing numbers (type <c-a> as 5 characters) =====

    :.,$g/^\d/exe "norm! \<c-a>": increment numbers
    :'a,'bg/\d\+/norm! ^A       " increment numbers

===== storing glob results (note must use APPEND) you need to empty reg a first with qaq. =====

    :g/fred/y A                 " append all lines fred to register a
    :g/fred/y A | :let @*=@a    " put into paste buffer
    :g//y A | :let @*=@a    " put last glob into paste buffer [N]
    :let @a=''|g/Barratt/y A |:let @*=@a

===== filter lines to a file (file must already exist) =====

    :'a,'bg/^Error/ . w >> errors.txt

===== duplicate every line in a file wrap a print '' around each duplicate =====

    :g/./yank|put|-1s/'/"/g|s/.*/Print '&'/

===== replace string with contents of a file, -d deletes the "mark" =====

    :g/^MARK$/r tmp.txt | -d

===== display prettily =====

    :g/<pattern>/z#.5           " display with context
    :g/<pattern>/z#.5|echo "=========="  " display beautifully

===== Combining g// with normal mode commands =====

    :g/|/norm 2f|r*                      " replace 2nd | with a star

===== Find fred before beginning search for joe =====

    :/fred/;/joe/-2,/sid/+3s/sally/alley/gIC

===== create a new file for each line of file eg 1.txt,2.txt,3,txt etc =====

    :g/^/exe ".w ".line(".").".txt"

===== chain an external command =====

    :.g/^/ exe ".!sed 's/N/X/'" | s/I/Q/    [N]

===== Operate until string found [N] =====

    d/fred/                                "delete until fred
    y/fred/                                "yank until fred
    c/fred/e                               "change until fred end
    v12|                                   " visualise/change/delete to column 12 [N]

===== Summary of editing repeats [N] =====

    .      last edit (magic dot)
    :&     last substitute
    :%&    last substitute every line
    :%&gic last substitute every line confirm
    g%     normal mode repeat last substitute
    g&     last substitute on all lines
    @@     last recording
    @:     last command-mode command
    :!!    last :! command
    :~     last substitute
    :help repeating

===== Summary of repeated searches =====

    ;      last f, t, F or T
    ,      last f, t, F or T in opposite direction
    n      last / or ? search
    N      last / or ? search in opposite direction

===== Absolutely-essential =====

<code vim>
  * # g* g#           " find word under cursor (<cword>) (forwards/backwards)
%                   " match brackets {}[]()
.                   " repeat last modification
@:                  " repeat last : command (then @@)
matchit.vim         " % now matches tags <tr><td><script> <?php etc
<C-N><C-P>          " word completion in insert mode
<C-X><C-L>          " Line complete SUPER USEFUL
/<C-R><C-W>         " Pull <cword> onto search/command line
/<C-R><C-A>         " Pull <CWORD> onto search/command line
</code>

===== MAKE IT EASY TO UPDATE/RELOAD .vimrc =====

    :e $MYVIMRC         " edits your .vimrc whereever it might be  [N]

===== How to have a variant in your .vimrc for different PCs [N] =====

    if $COMPUTERNAME == "NEWPC"
    ab mypc vista
    else
    ab mypc dell25
    endif

===== splitting windows =====

    :vsplit other.php       # vertically split current file with other.php [N]

===== VISUAL MODE (easy to add other HTML Tags) =====

    :vmap sb "zdi<b><C-R>z</b><ESC>  " wrap <b></b> around VISUALLY selected Text
    :vmap st "zdi<?= <C-R>z ?><ESC>  " wrap <?=   ?> around VISUALLY selected Text

===== vim tabs =====

    vim -p fred.php joe.php             " open files in tabs
    :tabe fred.php                      " open fred.php in a new tab
    :tab ball                           " tab open files

===== vim forcing use of tabs from .vimrc =====

    :nnoremap gf <C-W>gf
    :cab      e  tabe

===== Exploring =====

<code vim>
:e .                            " file explorer
:Exp(lore)                      " file explorer note capital Ex
:Sex(plore)                     " file explorer in split window
:browse e                       " windows style browser
:cd ..                          " move to parent directory
:args                           " list of files
:pwd                            " Print Working Directory (current directory) [N]
:args *.php                     " open list of files (you need this!)
:lcd %:p:h                      " change to directory of current file
:cd  %:p:h                      " change to directory of current file [N]
:autocmd BufEnter * lcd %:p:h   " change to directory of current file automatically (put in .vimrc)
</code>

===== Changing Case =====

    guu                             " lowercase line
    gUU                             " uppercase line
    Vu                              " lowercase line
    VU                              " uppercase line
    g\~\~                             " flip case line
    vEU                             " Upper Case Word
    vE~                             " Flip Case Word
    ggguG                           " lowercase entire file

===== Uppercase first letter of sentences =====

    :%s/[.!?]\_s\+\a/\U&\E/g
    gf                              " open file name under cursor (SUPER)
    :nnoremap gF :view <cfile><cr>  " open file under cursor, create if necessary
    ga                              " display hex,ascii value of char under cursor
    ggVGg?                          " rot13 whole file
    ggg?G                           " rot13 whole file (quicker for large file)
    :8 | normal VGg?                " rot13 from line 8
    :normal 10GVGg?                 " rot13 from line 8
    <C-A>,<C-X>                     " increment,decrement number under cursor
                                      win32 users must remap CNTRL-A
    <C-R>=5*5                       " insert 25 into text (mini-calculator)

===== Make all other tips superfluous =====

    :h 42            " also http://www.google.com/search?q=42
    :h holy-grail
    :h!

===== disguise text (watch out) [N] =====

    ggVGg?                          " rot13 whole file (toggles)
    :set rl!                        " reverse lines right to left (toggles)
    :g/^/m0                         " reverse lines top to bottom (toggles)
    :%s/\(\<.\{-}\>\)/\=join(reverse(split(submatch(1), '.\zs')), '')/g   " reverse all text *N*

===== History, Markers & moving about (what Vim Remembers) [C] =====

    '.               " jump to last modification line (SUPER)
    `.               " jump to exact spot in last modification line
    g;               " cycle thru recent changes (oldest first)
    g,               " reverse direction
    :changes
    :h changelist    " help for above
    <C-O>            " retrace your movements in file (starting from most recent)
    <C-I>            " retrace your movements in file (reverse direction)
    :ju(mps)         " list of your movements
    :help jump-motions
    :history         " list of all your commands
    :his c           " commandline history
    :his s           " search history
    q/               " Search history Window (puts you in full edit mode) (exit CTRL-C)
    q:               " commandline history Window (puts you in full edit mode) (exit CTRL-C)
    :<C-F>           " history Window (exit CTRL-C)

  Abbreviations & Maps

===== chain commands in abbreviation =====

    cabbrev vrep tabe class.inc \| tabe report.php   ## chain commands [N]

===== Simple PHP debugging display all variables yanked into register a =====

    iab phpdb exit("<hr>Debug <C-R>a  ");

===== Using a register as a map (preload registers in .vimrc) =====

    :let @m=":'a,'bs/"
    :let @s=":%!sort -u"

===== ayy@a           " execute "Vim command" in a text file =====

    yy@"             " same thing using unnamed register
    u@.              " execute command JUST typed in
    ddw             " store what you delete in register d [N]
    ccaw            " store what you change in register c [N]

===== Get output from other commands (requires external programs) =====

    :r!ls -R         " reads in output of ls
    :put=glob('**')  " same as above                 [N]
    :r !grep "^ebay" file.txt  " grepping in content   [N]
    :20,25 !rot13    " rot13 lines 20 to 25   [N]
    !!date           " same thing (but replaces/filters current line)
===== number lines  (linux or cygwin only) =====

    :new | r!nl #                  [N]

===== Multiple Files Management (Essential) =====

    :sav php.html    " Save current file as php.html and "move" to php.html
    :sav! %<.bak     " Save Current file to alternative extension (old way)
    :sav! %:r.cfm    " Save Current file to alternative extension
    :sav %:s/fred/joe/           " do a substitute on file name
    :sav %:s/fred/joe/:r.bak2    " do a substitute on file name & ext.
    :!mv % %:r.bak   " rename current file (DOS use Rename or DEL)
    :help filename-modifiers
    :e!              " return to unmodified file
    :w c:/aaa/%      " save file elsewhere
    :e #             " edit alternative file (also cntrl-^)
    :rew             " return to beginning of edited files list (:args)
    :sp fred.txt     " open fred.txt into a split
    :w !sudo tee %   " Write to read only file on linux (trick) [N]

===== Recording (BEST Feature of ALL) =====

<code vim>
qq  " record to q
your complex series of commands
q   " end recording
@q to execute
@@ to Repeat
5@@ to Repeat 5 times
qQ@qq                             " Make an existing recording q recursive [N]
</code>

===== editing a register/recording =====


<code vim>
qp                               "display contents of register q (normal mode)
</code>

<code vim>
<ctrl-R>q                         "display contents of register q (insert mode)
</code>

===== you can now see recording contents, edit as required =====

<code vim>
qdd                              "put changed contacts back into q
@q                                "execute recording/register q
</code>

===== Operating a Recording on a Visual BLOCK (blockwise) =====

    1) define recording/register
    qq:s/ to/ from/g^Mq
    2) Define Visual BLOCK
    V}
    3) hit : and the following appears
    :'<,'>
    4)Complete as follows
    :'<,'>norm @q

Visual basics

    v                               " enter visual mode
    V                               " visual mode whole line
    <C-V>                           " enter VISUAL BLOCKWISE mode (remap on Windows to say C-Q *C*
    gv                              " reselect last visual area (ultra)
    o                               " navigate visual area
    # *y or "+y                      " yank visual area into paste buffer  [C]

    V%                              " visualise what you match
    V}J                             " Join Visual block (great)
    V}gJ                            " Join Visual block w/o adding spaces
    ''[v'']                           " Highlight last insert

===== Delete 8th and 9th characters of 10 successive lines [C] =====

    08l<c-v>10j2ld  (use Control Q on win32) [C]

===== text objects :h text-objects                                     [C] =====

    daW                                   " delete contiguous non whitespace
    di<   yi<  ci<                        " Delete/Yank/Change HTML tag contents
    da<   ya<  ca<                        " Delete/Yank/Change whole HTML tag
    dat   dit                             " Delete HTML tag pair
    diB   daB                             " Empty a function {}
    das                                   " delete a sentence

===== .vimrc essentials =====

    :imap <TAB> <C-N>                     " set tab to complete [N]
    :set incsearch " jumps to search word as you type (annoying but excellent)
    :set wildignore=*.o,*.obj,*.bak,*.exe " tab complete now ignores these
    :set shiftwidth=3                     " for shift/tabbing
    :set vb t_vb=".                       " set silent (no beep)
    :set browsedir=buffer                 " Maki GUI File Open use current directory

    set iminsert=0  (or toggle CTRL-shift-^)    " reset "stuck" caps lock/capslock key [N]

===== FTPing from VIM =====

    cmap ,r  :Nread ftp://209.51.134.122/public_html/index.html
    cmap ,w  :Nwrite ftp://209.51.134.122/public_html/index.html
    gvim ftp://www.somedomain.com/index.html # uses netrw.vim

===== appending to registers (use CAPITAL) yank 5 lines into "a" then add a further 5 =====
    a5yy
    10j
    A5yy

  Conventional Shifting/Indenting

    :'a,'b>>
    
===== Block shifting (magic) =====

    >i{
    >a{
===== also =====

    >% and <%
    ==                            " index current line same as line above [N]

===== Redirection & Paste register * =====

    :redir @*                    " redirect commands to paste buffer
    :redir END                   " end redirect
    :redir >> out.txt            " redirect to a file

Working with Paste buffer

    *yy                         " yank current line to paste
    *p                          " insert from paste buffer

===== yank to paste buffer (ex mode) =====

    :'a,'by*                     " Yank range into paste
    :%y*                         " Yank whole buffer into paste
    :.y*                         " Yank Current line to paster

===== filter non-printable characters from the paste buffer =====

    :nmap <leader>p :let @* = substitute(@*,'[^[:print:]]','','g')<cr>"*p
    :set paste                    " prevent vim from formatting pasted in text *N*

===== Re-Formatting text =====

    gq}                          " Format a paragraph
    gqap                         " Format a paragraph
    ggVGgq                       " Reformat entire file
    Vgq                          " current line
===== break lines at 70 chars, if possible after a ; =====

    :s/.\{,69\};\s*\|.\{,69\}\s\+/&\r/g

===== Operate command over multiple files =====

    :argdo %s/foo/bar/e          " operate on all files in :args
    :bufdo %s/foo/bar/e
    :windo %s/foo/bar/e
    :argdo exe '%!sort'|w!       " include an external command
    :bufdo exe "normal @q" | w   " perform a recording on open files
    :silent bufdo !zip proj.zip %:p   " zip all current files

===== Command line tricks =====

    gvim -h                    " help
    ls | gvim -                " edit a stream!!
    cat xx | gvim - -c "v/^\d\d\|^[3-9]/d " " filter a stream
    gvim -o file1 file2        " open into a horizontal split (file1 on top, file2 on bottom) [C]
    gvim -O file1 file2        " open into a vertical split (side by side,for comparing code) [N]
===== execute one command after opening file =====

    gvim.exe -c "/main" joe.c  " Open joe.c & jump to "main"
===== execute multiple command on a single file =====

    vim -c "%s/ABC/DEF/ge | update" file1.c
===== execute multiple command on a group of files =====

    vim -c "argdo %s/ABC/DEF/ge | update" *.c
===== remove blocks of text from a series of files =====

    vim -c "argdo /begin/+1,/end/-1g/^/d | update" *.c
===== Automate editing of a file (Ex commands in convert.vim) =====

    vim -s "convert.vim" file.c
===== load VIM without .vimrc and plugins (clean VIM) e.g. for HUGE files =====

    gvim -u NONE -U NONE -N
===== Access paste buffer contents (put in a script/batch file) =====

    gvim -c 'normal ggdG"*p' c:/aaa/xp

===== print paste contents to default printer =====

    gvim -c 's/^/\=@*/|hardcopy!|q!'

===== gvim's use of external grep (win32 or *nix) =====

    :!grep somestring *.php     " creates a list of all matching files [C]

===== use :cn(ext) :cp(rev) to navigate list =====

    :h grep

===== Using vimgrep with copen                              [N] =====

    :vimgrep /keywords/ *.php
    :copen

===== complex diff parts of same file [N] =====

    :1,2yank a | 7,8yank b
    :tabedit | put a | vnew | put b
    :windo diffthis

===== Vim traps =====

    In regular expressions you must backslash + (match 1 or more)
    In regular expressions you must backslash | (or)
    In regular expressions you must backslash ( (group)
    In regular expressions you must backslash { (count)
    /fred\+/                   " matches fred/freddy but not free
    /\(fred\)\{2,3}/           " note what you have to break

===== \v or very magic (usually) reduces backslashing =====

    /codes\(\n\|\s\)*where  " normal regexp
    /\vcodes(\n|\s)*where   " very magic

===== pulling objects onto command/search line (SUPER) =====

    <C-R><C-W> " pull word under the cursor into a command line or search
    <C-R><C-A> " pull WORD under the cursor into a command line or search
    <C-R>-                  " pull small register (also insert mode)
    <C-R>[0-9a-z]           " pull named registers (also insert mode)
    <C-R>%                  " pull file name (also #) (also insert mode)
    <C-R>=somevar           " pull contents of a variable (eg :let sray="ray[0-9]")

===== List your Registers =====

    :reg             " display contents of all registers
    :reg a           " display content of register a
    :reg 12a         " display content of registers 1,2 & a [N]
    5p              " retrieve 5th "ring"
    1p....          " retrieve numeric registers one by one
    :let @y='yy@"'   " pre-loading registers (put in .vimrc)
    qqq              " empty register "q"
    qaq              " empty register "a"
    :reg .-/%:*"     " the seven special registers [N]
    :reg 0           " what you last yanked, not affected by a delete [N]

===== _dd             " Delete to blackhole register "_ , don't affect any register [N] =====

===== manipulating registers =====

    :let @a=@_              " clear register a
    :let @a=""              " clear register a
    :let @a=@"              " Save unnamed register [N]
    :let @*=@a              " copy register a to paste buffer
    :let @*=@:              " copy last command to paste buffer
    :let @*=@/              " copy last search to paste buffer
    :let @*=@%              " copy current filename to paste buffer

===== help for help (USE TAB) =====

    :h quickref             " VIM Quick Reference Sheet (ultra)
    :h tips                 " Vim's own Tips Help
    :h visual<C-D><tab>     " obtain  list of all visual help topics
                            " Then use tab to step thru them
    :h ctrl<C-D>            " list help of all control keys
    :helpg uganda           " grep HELP Files use :cn, :cp to find next
    :helpgrep edit.*director: grep help using regexp
    :h :r                   " help for :ex command
    :h CTRL-R               " normal mode
    :h /\r                  " what's \r in a regexp (matches a <CR>)
    :h \\zs                 " double up backslash to find \zs in help
    :h i_CTRL-R             " help for say <C-R> in insert mode
    :h c_CTRL-R             " help for say <C-R> in command mode
    :h v_CTRL-V             " visual mode
    :h tutor                " VIM Tutor
    <C-]>                   " jump to {keyword} under  cursor in help file [C]
    <C-[>, <C-T>            " Move back & Forth in HELP History
    gvim -h                 " VIM Command Line Help
    :cabbrev h tab help     " open help in a tab [N]

===== where was an option set =====

    :scriptnames            " list all plugins, _vimrcs loaded (super)
    :verbose set history?   " reveals value of history and where set
    :function               " list functions
    :func SearchCompl       " List particular function

===== making your own VIM help =====

    :helptags /vim/vim64/doc  " rebuild all *.txt help files in /doc
    :help add-local-help
===== save this page as a VIM Help File [N] =====

    :sav! $VIMRUNTIME/doc/vimtips.txt|:1,/^__BEGIN__/d|:/^__END__/,$d|:w!|:helptags $VIMRUNTIME/doc

===== Inserting DOS Carriage Returns =====

    :%s/$/\<C-V><C-M>&/g          "  that's what you type
    :%s/$/\<C-Q><C-M>&/g          "  for Win32
    :%s/$/\^M&/g                  "  what you'll see where ^M is ONE character

===== automatically delete trailing Dos-returns,whitespace =====

    autocmd BufRead * silent! %s/[\r \t]\+$//
    autocmd BufEnter *.php :%s/[ \t\r]\+$//e

===== perform an action on a particular file or file type =====

    autocmd VimEnter c:/intranet/note011.txt normal! ggVGg?
    autocmd FileType *.pl exec('set fileformats=unix')

===== Retrieving last command line command for copy & pasting into text =====

    i<c-r>:
===== Retrieving last Search Command for copy & pasting into text =====

    i<c-r>/

===== more completions =====

    <C-X><C-F>                        "insert name of a file in current directory

  Substituting a Visual area
===== select visual area as usual (:h visual) then type :s/Emacs/Vim/ etc =====

    :'<,'>s/Emacs/Vim/g               " REMEMBER you dont type the '<.'>
    gv                                " Re-select the previous visual area (ULTRA)

===== inserting line number into file =====

    :g/^/exec "s/^/".strpart(line(".")."### , 0, 4)
    :%s/^/\=strpart(line(".")." ### , 0, 5)
    :%s/^/\=line('.'). ' '

===== *numbering lines VIM way* =====

    :set number                       " show line numbers
    :map <F12> :set number!<CR>       " Show linenumbers flip-flop
    :%s/^/\=strpart(line('.')."    ### ,0,&ts)
===== numbering lines (need Perl on PC) starting from arbitrary number =====

    :'a,'b!perl -pne 'BEGIN{$a=223} substr($_,2,0)=$a++'
  Produce a list of numbers
===== Type in number on line say 223 in an empty file =====

    qqmnYP`n^Aq                       " in recording q repeat with @q

===== increment existing numbers to end of file (type <c-a> as 5 characters) =====

    :.,$g/^\d/exe "normal! \<c-a>"

===== eg create list starting from 223 incrementing by 5 between markers a,b =====

    :let I=223
    :'a,'bs/^/\=INC(5)/

===== create a map for INC =====

    cab viminc :let I=223 \| 'a,'bs/$/\=INC(5)/

===== *generate a list of numbers*  23-64 =====

    o23<ESC>qqYp<C-A>q40@q

===== editing/moving within current insert (Really useful) =====

    <C-U>                             " delete all entered
    <C-W>                             " delete last word
    <HOME><END>                       " beginning/end of line
    <C-LEFTARROW><C-RIGHTARROW>       " jump one word backwards/forwards
    <C-X><C-E>,<C-X><C-Y>             " scroll while staying put in insert

===== encryption (use with care: DONT FORGET your KEY) =====

    :X                                " you will be prompted for a key
    :h :X

===== Digraphs (non alpha-numerics) =====

    :digraphs                         " display table
    :h dig                            " help
    i<C-K>e'                          " enters é
    i<C-V>233                         " enters é (Unix)
    i<C-Q>233                         " enters é (Win32)
    ga                                " View hex value of any character

===== Pull a non-ascii character onto search bar =====

    yl/<C-R>"                         "
    /[^a-zA-Z0-9_[:space:][:punct:]]  " search for all non-ascii

===== All file completions grouped (for example main_c.c) =====

    :e main_<tab>                     " tab completes
    gf                                " open file under cursor  (normal)
    main_<C-X><C-F>                   " include NAME of file in text (insert mode)

===== swap two words =====

    :%s/\<\(on\|off\)\>/\=strpart("offon", 3 * ("off" == submatch(0)), 3)/g

===== Convert Text File to HTML =====

    :runtime! syntax/2html.vim        " convert txt to html
    :h 2html

===== VIM has internal grep =====

    :grep some_keyword *.c            " get list of all c-files containing keyword
    :cn                               " go to next occurrence

===== Change coloring scheme (any file in ~vim/vim??/colors) =====

<code vim>
:colorscheme blue
:colorscheme morning     " good fallback colorscheme *N*
:set syntax=perl         " Force Syntax coloring for a file that has no extension .pl
:set syntax off          " Remove syntax coloring (useful for all sorts of reasons)
</code>

===== Force syntax automatically (for a file with non-standard extension) =====

<code vim>
au BufRead,BufNewFile */Content.IE?/* setfiletype html
</code>

===== make cursor standout against highlighted text for vim terminal (linux) [N] =====

<code vim>
:highlight search term=reverse ctermbg=5
:highlight Normal guibg=white     " restore white background [N]
:set noma (non modifiable)        " Prevents modifications
:set ro (Read Only)               " Protect a file from unintentional writes
</code>

===== Sessions (Open a set of files) =====

<code vim>
gvim file1.c file2.c lib/lib.h lib/lib2.h " load files for "session"
:mksession                        " Make a Session file (default Session.vim)
:mksession MySession.vim          " Make a Session file named file [C]
:q
gvim -S                           " Reload all files (loads Session.vim) [C]
gvim -S MySession.vim             " Reload all files from named session [C]
</code>

===== tags (jumping to subroutines/functions) =====

    taglist.vim                       " popular plugin
    :Tlist                            " display Tags (list of functions)
    <C-]>                             " jump to function under cursor

===== displaying "non-asciis" =====

    :set list
    :h listchars

===== How to paste "normal vim commands" w/o entering insert mode =====

    :norm qqy$jq

===== manipulating file names =====

<code vim>
:h filename-modifiers             " help
:w %                              " write to current file name
:w %:r.cfm                        " change file extention to .cfm
:!echo %:p                        " full path & file name
:!echo %:p:h                      " full path only
:!echo %:t                        " filename only
:reg %                            " display filename
<C-R>%                            " insert filename (insert mode)
%p                               " insert filename (normal mode)
/<C-R>%                           " Search for file name in text
</code>

===== delete without destroying default buffer contents =====

<code vim>
_d                               " what you've ALWAYS wanted
_dw                              " eg delete word (use blackhole)
</code>

===== Simple Shell script to rename files w/o leaving vim =====

<code vim>
:r! ls *.c
:%s/\(.*\).c/mv & \1.bla
:w !sh
:q!
</code>

===== count words/lines in a text file =====

<code vim>
g<C-G>                                 # counts words
:echo line("'b")-line("'a")            # count lines between markers a and b [N]
:'a,'bs/^//n                           # count lines between markers a and b
:'a,'bs/somestring//gn                 # count occurences of a string
:s/,/,/gn                              # count commas in a line (csv/parameters)
</code>

===== example of setting your own highlighting =====

    :syn match DoubleSpace "  "
    :hi def DoubleSpace guibg=#e0e0e0

===== allow yanking of php variables with their dollar [N] =====

    :autocmd bufenter *.php :set iskeyword+=\$

===== reading Ms-Word documents, requires antiword (not docx) =====

    :autocmd BufReadPre *.doc set ro
    :autocmd BufReadPre *.doc set hlsearch!
    :autocmd BufReadPost *.doc %!antiword "%"

===== folding =====

    vim: filetype=help foldmethod=marker foldmarker=<<<,>>>
    A really big section closed with a tag <<<
    --- remember folds can be nested ---
    Closing tag >>>

    zf}                               " fold paragraph using motion
    v}zf                              " fold paragraph using visual
    zf'a                              " fold to mark
    zo                                " open fold
    zc                                " re-close fold
    zfG      " fold everything after this line [N]

===== Return to last edit position (You want this!) [N] =====

    autocmd BufReadPost *
        \ if line("'\"") > 0 && line("'\"") <= line("$") |
        \   exe "normal! g`\"" |
        \ endif


===== encryption (use with care: DON'T FORGET your KEY) =====

<code vim>
:X " you will be prompted for a key
:h :X
// vim:noai:ts=2:sw=4:readonly: " modeline (make a file readonly etc) must be in first/last 5 lines
:h modeline " vim:ft=html: " says use HTML Syntax highlighting
map ,p :call SaveWord()
:g/^/ call Del()
:digraphs " display table " Digraphs (non alpha-numerics)
:h dig " help
i<C-K>e' " enters é
i<C-V>233 " enters é (Unix)
i<C-Q>233 " enters é (Win32)
ga " View hex value of any character
</code>

===== tags (jumping to subroutines/functions) =====

<code vim>
taglist.vim " popular plugin
:Tlist " display Tags (list of functions)
<C-]> " jump to function under cursor
</code>

===== Pull a non-ascii character onto search bar yl/<C-R>" =====

<code vim>
/[^a-zA-Z0-9_[:space:][:punct:]]                       " search for all non-ascii
:e main_<tab>                                          " tab completes " All file completions grouped (for example main_c.c)
main_<C-X><C-F>                                        " include NAME of file in text (insert mode)
:%s/\<\(on\|off\)\>/\=strpart(                         "offon", 3 * ("off" == submatch(0)), 3)/g
nmap <silent> gw                                       "_yiw:s/\(\%#\w\+\)\(\_W\+\)\(\w\+\)/\3\2\1/<cr><c-o><c-l> [N]      " Swap word with next word
:runtime! syntax/2html.vim                             " convert txt to html " Convert Text File to HTML
:h 2html
:grep some_keyword *.c                                 " get list of all c-files containing keyword " VIM has internal grep
:cn                                                    " go to next occurrence
au BufRead,BufNewFile */Content.IE?/* setfiletype html " Force syntax automatically (for a file with non-standard extension)
:set noma (non modifiable)                             " Prevents modifications
:set ro (Read Only)                                    " Protect a file from unintentional writes
gvim file1.c file2.c lib/lib.h lib/lib2.h              " load files for "session" " Sessions (Open a set of files)
:mksession                                             " Make a Session file (default Session.vim)
:mksession MySession.vim                               " Make a Session file named file [C]
gvim -S                                                " Reload all files (loads Session.vim) [C]
gvim -S MySession.vim                                  " Reload all files from named session [C]
</code>

===== Mixed =====


<code vim>
!!date " same thing (but replaces/filters current line)
"%p " insert filename (normal mode)
"*p " insert from paste buffer
"*y or "+y " yank visual area into paste buffer  [C]
"*yy " yank curent line to paste " Working with Paste buffer
"+ and "* - clipboard and current selection registers under X. e.g. "+p to paste from the clipboard and "+y to copy to the clipboard
"1p.... " retrieve numeric registers one by one
"2p will put the second to last thing yanked, "3p will put the third to last, etc.
"5p " retrieve 5th "ring"
"_d " what you've ALWAYS wanted " delete without destroying default buffer contents
"_d will delete the selection without adding it to the yanked stack (sending it to the black hole register).
"_dd " Delete to blackhole register "_ , don't affect any register [N]
"_dw " eg delete word (use blackhole)
"ayy@a " execute "Vim command" in a text file " Useful tricks
"ccaw " store what you change in register c [N]
"ddw " store what you delete in register d [N]
"qdd " put changed contacts back into q " you can now see recording contents, edit as required
"qp " display contents of register q (normal mode) " editing a register/recording
% " match brackets {}[]()
% matches brackets {} [] (), and with matchit.vim, also matches def/end, < ?php/?>, < p>/< /p>, etc.
% matches opening and closing chars (){}[], and with matchit.vim, def/end, HTML tags, etc. as well!
%:exec ":new ".(substitute(expand("%"), ".c$", ".h", "")) - open the associated .h file for the current .c file in a new window; more concisely :new %:p:r.h
%< - resolves the current filename without extension. e.g. :e %<.h - open the header file for the current file
%s/<C-R>a/bar/g will place the contents of register 'a' in the search, and replace it with 'bar'.
& - re-run last :s command (&& to remember flags)
'0 opens the last modified file ('1 '2 '3 works too)
':%y c': yank entire file into register c. '"cp': Paste contents of c into document.
  * # g* g# " find word under cursor (<cword>) (forwards/backwards)
,      last f, t, F or T in opposite direction
. " repeat last modification
.*nose.*\&^\%(\%(tongue\)\@!.\)*$
/.*fred&.*joe/ will search for fred AND joe, in any order.
/.*fred\&.*joe " Search for FRED AND JOE in any ORDER!
/<!--\_p\{-}--> " search for multiple line comments " searching over multiple lines \_ means including newline
/<C-R>% " Search for file name in text
/<C-R><C-A> " Pull <CWORD> onto search/command line
/<C-R><C-W> " Pull <cword> onto search/command line
/<\@<=[^>]*>\@= " search for tag contents, ignoring chevrons " zero-width :h /\@=
/<\@<=\_[^>]*>\@= " search for tags across possible multiple lines
/<\zs[^>]*\ze> " search for tag contents, ignoring chevrons " \zs and \ze regex delimiters :h /\zs
/<fred>/ will search for fred, but not alfred or frederick.
/\%>20l\%<30lgoat " Search for goat between lines 20 and 30 [N]
/\%>80v.\+ with search highlighting (:set hlsearch) will highlight any text after column 80.
/\([^0-9]\|^\)%.*% " Search for absence of a digit or beginning of line
/\(^str.*\n\)\{2} " find 2 successive lines starting with str
/\(fred\).*\(joe\).*\2.*\1 " using rexexp memory in a search find fred.*joe.*joe.*fred *C*
/\(fred\)\{2,3}/ " note what you have to break
/\<\d\d\d\d\> " Search for exactly 4 digit numbers
/\<\d\{4}\> " same thing
/\<fred\>/ " search for fred but not alfred or frederick [C]
/\D\d\d\d\d\D " Search for exactly 4 digit numbers
/\c\v([^aeiou]&\a){4} " search for 4 consecutive consonants " Specify what you are NOT searching for (vowels)
/\vcodes(\n|\s)*where " very magic
/^.\{-}home.\{-}\zshome/e " match only the 2nd occurence in a line of "home" [N]
/^[A-J]/ " search for lines beginning with one or more A-J
/^\([^,]*,\)\{8} " Repeating the Regexp (rather than what the Regexp finds)
/^\n\{3} " find 3 empty lines " finding empty lines
/^joe.*fred.*bill/ " find joe AND fred AND Bill (Joe at start of line)
/^str.*\nstr " find 2 successive lines starting with str
/begin\_.*end " search over possible multiple lines
/begin\_.*end will search for begin AND end over multiple lines.
/bugs\(\_.\)*bunny " bugs followed by bunny anywhere in file
/codes\(\n\|\s\)*where " normal regexp " \v or very magic (usually) reduces backslashing
/fred\+/ " matches fred/freddy but not free
/fred\_s*joe/ " any whitespace including newline *C*
/fred\_s*joe/ " any whitespace including newline [C]
/fred\_s*joe/ will search for fred AND joe with whitespace (including newline) in between.
/fred\|joe " Search for FRED OR JOE
/fred|joe/ will search for either fred OR joe.
/joe.*fred.*bill/ will search for joe AND fred AND bill, in that order.
/joe/+3 will search for joe and place the cursor three lines below the match.
/joe/e will search for joe and place the cursor at the end of the match.
/joe/e+1 will search for joe and place the cursor at the end of the match, plus on character.
/joe/s-2 will search for joe and place the cursor at the start of the match, minus two characters.
0 - Move to the first character of the line
0/joe/+3 " find joe move cursor 3 lines down
08l<c-v>10j2ld  (use Control Q on win32) [C] " Delete 8th and 9th characters of 10 successive lines [C]
5@@ " Repeat a macro 5 times
:!!    last :! command
:!echo %:p " full path & file name
:!echo %:p:h " full path only
:!echo %:t " filename only
:!grep somestring *.php " creates a list of all matching files 
:!mv % %:r.bak " rename current file (DOS use Rename or DEL)
:%&    last substitute every line
:%&gic last substitute every line confirm
:%norm jdd " delete every other line
:%s#.*(hours).*#1# will delete everything on a line except for the string 'hours'.
:%s#.*\(\d\+hours\).*#\1# " Delete all but memorised string (\1) [N]
:%s#.*\(tbl_\w\+\).*#\1# " extract list of all strings tbl_* from text  [NC]
:%s#<[^>]\+>##g " delete html tags, leave text (non-greedy)
:%s#<\_.\{-1,}>##g " delete html tags possibly multi-line (non-greedy)
:%s#\<[zy]\?tbl_[a-z_]\+\>#\L&#gc " lowercase with optional leading characters " use of optional atom \?
:%s#\s*\r\?$## " Clean both trailing spaces AND DOS returns
:%s#example#& = &#gic " duplicate entire matched string [N] " memory
:%s#txtdev\zs\d#\=submatch(0)+1#g " better
:%s,\(all/.*\)\@<=/,_,g " replace all / with _ AFTER "all/"
:%s/"\([^.]\+\).*\zsxx/\1/ " find replacement text, put in memory, then use \zs to simplify substitute
:%s/$/\<C-Q><C-M>&/g "  for Win32
:%s/$/\<C-V><C-M>&/g "  that's what you type " Inserting DOS Carriage Returns
:%s/$/\^M&/g "  what you'll see where ^M is ONE character
:%s/.*/\='cp '.submatch(0).' all/'.substitute(submatch(0),'/','_','g')/ " Substitute inside substitute
:%s//joe/igc " Substitute what you last searched for [N]
:%s//joe/igc substitute your last search with joe.
:%s/<!--\_.\{-}-->// " delete possibly multi-line comments " over possibly many lines
:%s/[.!?]\_s\+\a/\U&\E/g " Uppercase first letter of sentences
:%s/\%Vold/new/g " Do a substitute on last visual area [N]
:%s/\(.*\).c/mv & \1.bla
:%s/\([^;]*\);\=/\=strpart(submatch(1).fill, 0, width)/ge
:%s/\(\<.\{-}\>\)/\=join(reverse(split(submatch(1), '.\zs')), '')/g " reverse all text *N*
:%s/\(gg\)\@<=\d\+/\=submatch(0)+6/ " increment only numbers gg\d\d  by 6 (another way)
:%s/\\/\//g replaces all backslashes with forward slashes
:%s/\d\+/\=(submatch(0)-3)/ " decrement numbers by 3
:%s/\f\+\.gif\>/\r&\r/g | v/\.gif$/d | %s/gif/jpg/ " multiple commands on one line
:%s/\r//g " Delete DOS returns ^M
:%s/\s\+$//ge
:%s/\v(.*\n){5}/&\r " insert a blank line every 5 lines [N]
:%s/\v(.*\n){5}/&\r will insert a blank line every 5 lines
:%s/^.\{-}pdf/new.pdf/ " delete to 1st occurence of pdf only (non-greedy) " non-greedy matching \{-}
:%s/^/\=line('.'). ' '
:%s/^/\=strpart(line(".")."     ", 0, 5)
:%s/^/\=strpart(line('.')."        ",0,&ts)
:%s/^\(.*\)\(\n\1\)\+$/\1/ " delete multiple duplicate lines [N]
:%s/^\(.*\)\n\1$/\1/ " delete duplicate lines
:%s/^\n\+/\r/ " compressing empty lines
:%s/^\n\{3}// will delete a block of 3 empty lines.
:%s/a/but/gie|:update|:next " then use @: to repeat
:%s/fred/joe/igc " general substitute command " *best-substitution*
:%s/goat\|cow/sheep/gc " ORing (must break pipe) " ORing
:%s/home.\{-}\zshome/alone " Substitute only the occurrence of home in any line [N]
:%s/~/sue/igc " Substitute your last replacement string [N]
:%s/~/sue/igc substitute your last replacement string with 'sue'.
:%s=  *$== " delete end of line blanks
:%s= \+$== " Same thing
:%y c copies the entire buffer into register c. "cp inserts the content of register c in the current document.
:%y* " Yank whole buffer into paste
:&     last substitute
:'a,'b!perl -pne 'BEGIN{$a=223} substr($_,2,0)=$a++' " numbering lines (need Perl on PC) starting from arbitrary number " Produce a list of numbers " Type in number on line say 223 in an empty file
:'a,'b>> " Conventional Shifting/Indenting
:'a,'bg/\d\+/norm! ^A " increment numbers
:'a,'bg/^/m'b " Reverse a section a to b
:'a,'bg/^Error/ . w >> errors.txt " filter lines to a file (file must already exist)
:'a,'bg/fred/s/dick/joe/igc " VERY USEFUL " VIM Power Substitute
:'a,'bg/fred/s/joe/susan/gic "  can use memory to extend matching " *Best-Global-combined-with-substitute* (*power-editing*)
:'a,'bg/somestr/co/otherstr/ " co(py) or mo(ve)
:'a,'bg/str1/s/str1/&&&/|mo/str2/ copy or move or substitute
:'a,'bs#\[\|\]##g " remove [] from lines between markers a and b [N]
:'a,'bs/^//n                           # count lines between markers a and b
:'a,'bs/^/\=INC(5)/
:'a,'bs/bucket\(s\)*/bowl\1/gic   [N] " substitute singular or plural
:'a,'bs/somestring//gn                 # count occurences of a string
:'a,'by* " Yank range into paste " yank to paste buffer (ex mode)
:.,$g/^\d/exe "norm! \<c-a>" " increment numbers
:.,$g/^\d/exe "normal! \<c-a>" " increment existing numbers to end of file (type <c-a> as 5 characters)
:.g/^/ exe ".!sed 's/N/X/'" | s/I/Q/    [N] " chain an external command
:/biz/,/any/g/article/s/wheel/bucket/gic:  non-line based [N]
:/fred/,/joe/s/fred/joe/gic "  non-line based (ultra)
:/fred/;/joe/-2,/sid/+3s/sally/alley/gIC " Find fred before beginning search for joe
:20,25 !rot13 " rot13 lines 20 to 25   [N]
:40,50m30 will move lines 40 through 50 to line 30. Most visual mode commands can be used with line numbers.
:8 | normal VGg? " rot13 from line 8
:<C-F> " history Window (exit CTRL-C)
:Csv 5 " highlight fifth column " call with
:E to see a simple file explorer.  (:Ex will too, if that's easier to remember.)
:Exp(lore) " file explorer note capital Ex
:Sex(plore) " file explorer in split window
:argdo %s/foo/bar/e " operate on all files in :args " Operate command over multiple files
:argdo exe '%!sort'|w! " include an external command
:args " list of files
:args *.php " open list of files (you need this!)
:autocmd BufEnter * lcd %:p:h " change to directory of current file automatically (put in .vimrc)
:b main " go to buffer with main in name eg main.c (ultra)
:b3 " go to buffer 3 [C]
:badd file.c " file from buffer list
:bd " remove file from buffer list (super)
:bn " goto next buffer " Multiple Files Management (Essential)
:bp " goto previous buffer
:brew " buffer rewind
:browse e " windows style browser
:bufdo %s/foo/bar/e " operate on all files in :args " Operate command over multiple files
:bufdo %s/searchstr/&/gic " say n and then a to stop " multiple file search better but cheating
:bufdo /searchstr/ " use :rewind to recommence search " multiple file search
:bufdo exe "normal @q" | w " perform a recording on open files
:bun " Buffer unload (remove window but not from list)
:cab      e  tabe
:cab ,f :for i in range(1, 12) \| execute("map <F".i.">") \| endfor " for your .vimrc
:cabbrev h tab h " open help in a tab [N]
:cd .. " move to parent directory
:close " close a tab but leave the buffer *N*
:copen
:e # " edit alternative file (also cntrl-^)
:e $MYVIMRC " edits your .vimrc whereever it might be  [N]
:e . " file explorer " Exploring
:e! " return to unmodified file
:echo line("'b")-line("'a")            # count lines between markers a and b [N]
:func SearchCompl " List particular function
:function " list functions
:g!/^dd/d " delete lines not containing string
:g/./yank|put|-1s/'/"/g|s/.*/Print '&'/ " duplicate every line in a file wrap a print '' around each duplicate
:g/<input\|<form/p " ORing
:g/<pattern>/z#.5 " display with context " display prettily
:g/<pattern>/z#.5|echo "==========" " display beautifully
:g/\(^I[^^I]*\)\{80}/d " delete all lines containing at least 80 tabs
:g/\<fred\>/ " display all lines fred but not freddy
:g/^$/,/./-j " compress empty lines
:g/^/ if line('.')%2|s/^/zz / " perform a substitute on every other line
:g/^/exe ".w ".line(".").".txt" " create a new file for each line of file eg 1.txt,2.txt,3,txt etc
:g/^/exec "s/^/".strpart(line(".")."    ", 0, 4) " inserting line number into file
:g/^/m$ " No effect! [N]
:g/^/m0 " Reverse file (m = move)
:g/^/m0 " reverse lines top to bottom (toggles)
:g/^/put_ " double space file (pu = put)
:g/^/t. " duplicate every line
:g/^Chapter/t.|s/./-/g " Automatically underline selecting headings [N]
:g/^MARK$/r tmp.txt | -d " replace string with contents of a file, -d deletes the "mark"
:g/^\s*$/d " delete all blank lines
:g/_pattern_/s/^/#/g will comment out lines containing _pattern_ (if '#' is your comment character/sequence)
:g/fred.*joe.*dick/ " display all lines fred,joe & dick
:g/fred/,/joe/j " Join Lines [N]
:g/fred/t$ " copy (transfer) lines matching fred to EOF
:g/fred/y A " append all lines fred to register a
:g/fred/y A | :let @*=@a " put into paste buffer
:g/gladiolli/# " display with line numbers (YOU WANT THIS!) " *best-global* command
:g/joe/,/fred/d " not line based (very powerfull)
:g/loc\|function/s/\d/\=submatch(0)+6/ " increment numbers by 6 on certain lines only
:g/search_term/# display each line containing 'search_term' with line numbers.
:g/stage/t'a " copy (transfer) lines matching stage to marker a (cannot use .) [C]
:g/{/ ,/}/- s/\n\+/\r/g " Delete empty lines but only between {...}
:g/|/norm 2f|r* " replace 2nd | with a star " Combining g// with normal mode commands
:h /\r " what's \r in a regexp (matches a <CR>)
:h :r " help for :ex command
:h CTRL-R " normal mode
:h \\zs " double up backslash to find \zs in help
:h \_ " help
:h c_CTRL-R " help for say <C-R> in command mode
:h ctrl<C-D> " list help of all control keys
:h filename-modifiers " help " manipulating file names
:h grep " use :cn(ext) :cp(rev) to navigate list
:h i_CTRL-R " help for say <C-R> in insert mode
:h listchars
:h quickref " VIM Quick Reference Sheet (ultra) " help for help (USE TAB)
:h regexp<C-D> " type control-D and get a list all help topics containing regexp (plus use TAB to Step thru list)
:h slash<CTRL-d> to get a list of all help topics containing the word 'slash'.
:h tips " Vim's own Tips Help
:h tutor " VIM Tutor
:h v_CTRL-V " visual mode
:h visual<C-D><tab> " obtain  list of all visual help topics
:help /\{-} " help non-greedy
:help add-local-help
:help filename-modifiers
:help repeating
:helpgrep edit.*director: grep help using regexp use :cn, :cp to find next
:helptags /vim/vim64/doc " rebuild all *.txt help files in /doc " making your own VIM help
:imap <TAB> <C-N> " set tab to complete [N] " .vimrc essentials
:inoremap \zd <C-R>=strftime("%d%b%y")<CR> " insert date eg 31Jan11 [N]
:ju(mps) " list your movements {{help|jump-motions}}
:lcd %:p:h " change to directory of current file
:lcd %:p:h will change to the directory of the current file.
:let @*=@% " copy current filename to paste buffer
:let @*=@/ " copy last search to paste buffer
:let @*=@: " copy last command to paste buffer
:let @*=@a " copy register a to paste buffer
:let @a="" " clear register a
:let @a=''|g/Barratt/y A |:let @*=@a
:let @a=@" " Save unnamed register [N]
:let @a=@_ " clear register a " manipulating registers
:let @m=":'a,'bs/" " Using a register as a map (preload registers in .vimrc)
:let @y='yy@"' " pre-loading registers (put in .vimrc)
:let I=223 " eg create list starting from 223 incrementing by 5 between markers a,b
:let i=10 | 'a,'bg/Abc/s/xx\zsyy\ze/\=i/ |let i=i+1 # convert xxyy to xx11,xx12,xx13 " as above but more precise
:let i=10 | 'a,'bg/Abc/s/yy/\=i/ |let i=i+1 # convert yy to 10,11,12 etc " rename a string with an incrementing number
:let width = 20 " columnise a csv file for display only as may crop wide columns
:ls " list of buffers
:map <F5> :ls<CR>:e # " Pressing F5 lists all buffer, just type number
:map <F11>  :.w! c:/aaa/xr<CR> " store current line
:map <F12>  :r c:/aaa/xr<CR> " retrieve current line
:map <F7>   :'a,'bw! c:/aaa/x " save text to file x
:map <F8>   :r c:/aaa/x " retrieve text
:map <F12> :set number!<CR> " Show linenumbers flip-flop
:match ErrorMsg '\%>80v.\+' uses matching to highlight lines longer than 80 columns.
:new +put q|%!sort " create a new buffer, paste a register "q" into it, then sort new buffer
:new | r!nl #                  [N] " number lines  (linux or cygwin only)
:new | r!perl # " opens new buffer,read other buffer " capturing output of current script in a separate buffer
:new! x.out | r!perl # " same with named file
:new+read!ls
:nnoremap gF :view <cfile><cr> " open file under cursor, create if necessary
:nnoremap gf <C-W>gf " vim 7 forcing use of tabs from .vimrc
:norm qqy$jq " How to paste "normal vim commands" w/o entering insert mode
:normal 10GVGg? " rot13 from line 8
:only - close all windows except the current one (alternatives: ctrl-w ctrl-o or :on)
:put=glob('**') " same as above                 [N]
:pwd " Print Working Directory (current directory) [N]
:r !date will insert the current date/time stamp (from the 'date' command " a bit OS-specific).
:r !grep "^ebay" file.txt " grepping in content   [N]
:r!<cmd> - insert the result of <cmd> into the current buffer at the cursor. e.g. :r!ls *.h
:r!ls -R " reads in output of ls " Get output from other commands (requires external programs)
:redir >> out.txt " redirect to a file
:redir @* " redirect commands to paste buffer " Redirection & Paste register *
:redir END " end redirect
:reg " display contents of all registers " List your Registers
:reg % " display filename
:reg .-/%:*" " the seven special registers [N]
:reg 0 " what you last yanked, not affected by a delete [N]
:reg 12a " display content of registers 1,2 & a [N]
:reg a " display content of register a
:retab <ts> - convert strings of white-space containing <Tab> with new strings using the <ts> value if given or current value of 'tabstop'
:rew " return to beginning of edited files list (:args)
:s#all/#&^M#|s#/#_#g|-j!  " Substitute by splitting line, then re-joining
:s#all/\zs.*#\=substitute(submatch(0), '/', '_', 'g')# " Same thing
:s/.\{,69\};\s*\|.\{,69\}\s\+/&\r/g " break lines at 70 chars, if possible after a ;
:s/\(.*\):\(.*\)/\2 " \1/   " reverse fields separated by :
:s/\(.*\):\(.*\)/\2 " \1/ will reverse fields separated by ':'
:s/__date__/\=strftime("%c")/ " insert datestring " Calling a VIM function
:s/fred/<c-r>a/g " sub "fred" with contents of register "a" " substitute using a register
:s/fred/<c-r>asome_text<c-r>s/g
:s/fred/\=@a/g " better alternative as register not displayed (not *) [C]
:sav %:s/fred/joe/ " do a substitute on file name
:sav %:s/fred/joe/:r.bak2 " do a substitute on file name & ext.
:sav php.html " Save current file as php.html and "move" to php.html
:sav! $VIMRUNTIME/doc/vimtips.txt|:1,/^__BEGIN__/d|:/^__END__/,$d|:w!|:helptags $VIMRUNTIME/doc " save this page as a VIM Help File [N]
:sav! %:r.cfm " Save Current file to alternative extension
:sball,:sb " Split all buffers (super)
:scriptnames " list all plugins, _vimrcs loaded (super) " where was an option set
:scrollbind " in each split window
:set cursorline - Highlight the current line under the cursor
:set expandtab - use spaces rather than the tab character to insert a tab.
:set hidden " Allows to change buffer w/o saving current buffer
:set ignorecase " you nearly always want this
:set incsearch " jumps to search word as you type (annoying but excellent)
:set laststatus=2 - always show the status line (0 = never, 1 = (default) only if there are two or more windows, 2 = always)
:set list " displaying "non-asciis"
:set nowrap - disable line wrapping
:set number " show line numbers " *numbering lines VIM way*
:set paste " prevent vim from formatting pasted in text
:set pastetoggle=key - specify a key sequence that toggles the paste option, e.g. set pastetoggle=<F2>
:set rl! " reverse lines right to left (toggles)
:set shiftwidth=3 " for shift/tabbing
:set showcmd - show the number of lines/chacters in a visual selection
:set smartcase " overrides ignorecase if uppercase used in search string (cool)
:set smartcase case sensitive if search contains an uppercase character and ignorecase is on.
:set softtabstop <n> - set the number of spaces to insert when using the tab key (converted to tabs and spaces if expandtab is off).
:set syntax=perl " force syntax (usually taken from file extension)
:set title - display info in terminal title. Add let &titleold=getcwd() to .vimrc to set it to something useful on quit
:set titlestring=%f set the file name as the terminal title.
:set vb t_vb=". " set silent (no beep)
:set wildignore=*.o,*.obj,*.bak,*.exe " tab complete now ignores these
:sh or :shell to open a console (then exit to come back to vim).
:silent bufdo !zip proj.zip %:p " zip all current files
:sp fred.txt " open fred.txt into a split
:split - split the current window in two
:syn match DoubleSpace "  " " example of setting your own highlighting
:syntax on " colour syntax in Perl,HTML,PHP etc
:tab ball " tab open files
:tab sball " retab all files in buffer (repair) [N]
:tabdo [some command] will execute the command in all tabs.  Also see windo, bufdo, argdo.
:tabe <filename> - open <filename> in a new tab (same as :tabedit and :tabnew)
:tabe fred.php " open fred.php in a new tab
:tabedit | put a | vnew | put b
:tabo closes all tabs execpt the current one.
:v/./,/./-j " compress empty lines
:v/\S/d " Delete empty lines (and blank lines ie whitespace)
:v/^dd/d " delete lines not containing string
:v/tongue/s/nose/&/gic
:verbose set history? " reveals value of history and where set
:vimgrep /keywords/ *.php " Using vimgrep with copen
:vimgrep /stext/ **/*.txt | :copen searches for stext recursively in *.txt files and show results in separate window
:vimgrep pattern **/*.txt will search all *.txt files in the current directory and its subdirectories for the pattern.
:vimgrep pattern *.txt will search all .txt files in the current directory for the pattern.
:vmap <leader>z :<C-U>%s/\<<c-r>*\>/ " Pull Visually Highlighted text into LHS of a substitute
:vmap sb "zdi<b><C-R>z</b><ESC> " wrap <b></b> around VISUALLY selected Text
:vmap st "zdi<?= <C-R>z ?><ESC> " wrap <?=   ?> around VISUALLY selected Text
:vnoremap < <gv " visual shifting (builtin-repeat)
:vnoremap > >gv
:vsplit filename will split the window vertically and open the file in the left-hand pane.  Great when writing unit tests!
:vsplit other.php       # vertically split current file with other.php [N] " splitting windows
:w !sudo tee % will use sudo to write the open file (have you ever forgotten to `sudo vim /path/to/file`?)
:w % " write to current file name
:w %:r.cfm " change file extention to .cfm
:w c:/aaa/% " save file elsewhere
:w!|sav! vimtips.html|:/^__BEGIN__/,/^__END__/s#<#\<#g|:w!|:!vimtipsftp
:windo %s/foo/bar/e " operate on all files in :args " Operate command over multiple files
:windo diffthis
:wn " save file and move to next (super)
:wp " save file and move to previous
:x is like ":wq", but write only when changes have been made
:~     last substitute
;      last f, t, F or T " Summary of repeated searches
; is a motion to repeat last find with f. f' would find next quote. c; would change up to the next '
<C-A>,<C-X> " increment,decrement number under cursor
<C-N><C-P> " word completion in insert mode
<C-R>% " insert filename (insert mode)
<C-R>% " pull file name (also #) (also insert mode)
<C-R>- " pull small register (also insert mode)
<C-R><C-A> " pull WORD under the cursor into a command line or search
<C-R><C-W> " pull word under the cursor into a command line or search " pulling objects onto command/search line (SUPER)
<C-R>=5*5 " insert 25 into text (mini-calculator)
<C-R>=somevar " pull contents of a variable (eg :let sray="ray[0-9]")
<C-R>[0-9a-z] " pull named registers (also insert mode)
<C-U> " delete all entered " editing/moving within current insert (Really useful)
<C-U> / <C-D> move the cursor up/down half a page (also handy :set nosol)
<C-V> " enter VISUAL BLOCKWISE mode (remap on Windows to say C-Q *C*
<C-V> then select "column(s)" with motion commands (win32 <C-Q>)
<C-X><C-E>,<C-X><C-Y> " scroll while staying put in insert
<C-X><C-F> :insert name of a file in current directory " more completions
<C-X><C-L> " Line complete SUPER USEFUL
<C-[>, <C-T> " Move back & Forth in HELP History
<CTRL-o> " trace your movements backwards in a file. <CTRL-i> trace your movements forwards in a file.
<CTRT-W>v == :vsplit like <CTRL-w>s == :split
<ctrl-R>q " display contents of register q (insert mode)
= " re-indent (e.g. == to re-indent the current line).
== " index current line same as line above [N]
>% and <% " Block shifting (magic)
>a{ " Block shifting (magic)
>i{ " Block shifting (magic)
@:     last command-mode command
@: " repeat last " command (then @@)
@@     last recording
@@ " Repeat a macro
A - enter insert mode at the end of the line (Append); I - insert before the first non-blank of the line
Basic commands 'f' and 't' (like first and 'til) are very powerful. See :help t or :help f.
CTRL-U/CTRL-D - scroll up/down, moving the cursor the same number of lines if possible (unlike <PageUp>/<PageDown>)
CTRL-V <tab> - in insert mode, enters a real tab character, disregarding tab and indent options
CTRL-w K will switch vertical split into horizontal, CTRL-w H will switch a horizontal into a vertical.
CTRL-w s CTRL-w T will open current buffer in new tab
Ctrl + o " Execute a command while in insert mode, then go back to insert mode. e.g. ctrl+o, p; paste without exiting insert mode
Ctrl-T and Ctrl-D - indent and un-indent the current line in insert mode
Ctrl-a, Ctrl-x will increment and decrement, respectively, the number under the cursor. May be precede by a count.
Ctrl-c to quickly get out of command-line mode.  (Faster than hitting ESC a couple times.)
Ctrl-y (insert mode): insert character which is on the line above cursor. example: handy to initialize a structure.
Edit a command output in Vim as a file: $ command | vim -
Edit and encrypt a file: vim -x filename
From a command-line, vim scp://username@host//path/to/file to edit a remote file locally.
I/A in visual blockwise mode (ctrl-v) insert some text at the star/end of each line of the block text.
I/A switch to insert mode before/after the current line.
If gvim is started from a terminal it opens at the same width as the terminal. To prevent this, add "set columns=80" to ~/.vimrc
In insert mode do Ctrl+r=53+17<Enter>. This way you can do some calcs with vim.
In regular expressions you must backslash ( (group)
In regular expressions you must backslash + (match 1 or more) " Vim traps
In regular expressions you must backslash { (count)
In regular expressions you must backslash | (or)
K runs a prgrm to lookup the keyword under the cursor. If writing C, it runs man. In Ruby, it (should) run ri, Python (perhaps) pydoc.
N      last / or ? search in opposite direction
Need to edit a file in hex ? :help hex-editing gives you the manual.
Prefixing G or gg (command mode) with a number will cause vim to jump to that line number.
Use '\v' in your regex to set the mode to 'very magic', and avoid confusion. (:h \v for more info.)
V " visual mode whole line
V% " visualise what you match
VU " uppercase line
Vgq " current line
Vu " lowercase line
V}J " Join Visual block (great)
V}gJ " Join Visual block w/o adding spaces
When editing multiple files (e.g. vim *.c), use :n to move to the next file and :N to move to the previous file. :ar shows the list of files
[I " show lines matching word under cursor <cword> (super)
[I (big i) shows lines containing the word under the cursor
[I (that's bracket open, capital i) show lines containing the word under the cursor.
\v^((tongue)@!.)*nose((tongue)@!.)*$
] " Highlight last insert
^\(.*tongue.*\)\@!.*nose.*$ " find str but not on lines containing tongue
`:'<,'>s/Emacs/Vim/g` " REMEMBER you dont type the `'<.'>`
`:act<` "  Change Till `<` [N] "  store text that is to be changed or deleted in register a
`:let fill=' ' | while strlen(fill) < width | let fill=fill.fill | endwhile`
`:sav! %<.bak` " Save Current file to alternative extension (old way)
a/A " append at the cursor position / at the end of the line (enters insert mode)
autocmd BufEnter *.php :%s/[ \t\r]\+$//e
autocmd BufRead * silent! %s/[\r \t]\+$// " automatically delete trailing Dos-returns,whitespace
autocmd FileType *.pl exec('set fileformats=unix')
autocmd VimEnter c:/intranet/note011.txt normal! ggVGg?  " perform an action on a particular file or file type
b - go back a word (opposite of w)
c/fred/e                               "change until fred end
cab viminc :let I=223 \| 'a,'bs/$/\=INC(5)/ " create a map for INC
cat xx | gvim - -c "v/^\d\d\|^[3-9]/d " -- filter a stream
ci" inside a " " will erase everything between "" and place you in insertion mode.
cmap ,r  :Nread ftp://209.51.134.122/public_html/index.html " FTPing from VIM
cmap ,w  :Nwrite ftp://209.51.134.122/public_html/index.html
command! -nargs=1 Csv :call CSVH(<args>)
ctrl-<pagedown> / ctrl-<pageup> - switch to next/previous tab. (alternatives: gt/gT, :tabn/:tabp, etc)
ctrl-b / ctrl-f " page up / page down
ctrl-clic / ctrl-t " go to symbol definition (= ctrl-]) (using tags) and back. You can use "make tags" autotooled projects to create tags
ctrl-r ctrl-w: Pull the word under the cursor in a : command. eg. :s/ctrl-r ctrl-w/foo/g
ctrl-r x (insert mode): insert the contents of buffer x. For example: "ctrl-r +" would insert the contents of the clipboard.
ctrl-v blockwise visual mode (rectangular selection).
ctrl-v u <hex code> - enter a unicode character in insert mode
ctrl-x ctrl-f (insert mode): complete with the file names in the current directory (ctrl-p/n to navigate through the candidates)
d/fred/                                "delete until fred " Operate until string found [N]
da<   ya<  ca< " Delete/Yank/Change whole HTML tag
daW " delete contiguous non whitespace " text objects :h text-objects                                     [C]
das " delete a sentence
dat   dit " Delete HTML tag pair
daw/caw deletes/changes the word under the cursor.
di<   yi<  ci< " Delete/Yank/Change HTML tag contents
diB   daB " Empty a function {}
g%     normal mode repeat last substitute
g&     last substitute on all lines
g, " reverse direction
g; " cycle thru recent changes (oldest first)
g; will cycle through your recent changes (or g, to go in reverse).
g<C-G>                                 # counts words " count words/lines in a text file
g<CTRL-G> to see technical information about the file, such as how many words are in it, or how many bytes it is.
g\~\~ " flip case line
ga " display hex,ascii value of char under cursor
ga will display the ASCII, hex, and octal value of the character under the cursor.
gf " open file name under cursor (SUPER)
ggVG= will auto-format the entire document
ggVGg? " rot13 whole file (toggles) " disguise text (watch out) [N]
ggVGgq " Reformat entire file
ggg?G " rot13 whole file (quicker for large file)
ggguG " lowercase entire file
gj, gk (or g<Up> g<Down>) - move up or down a display line (makes a difference for wrapped lines)
gqap " Format a paragraph
gq{movement} to wrap text, or just gq while in visual mode. gqap will format the current paragraph.
gq} " Format a paragraph " Re-Formatting text
gv " Re-select the previous visual area (ULTRA)
gv " reselect last visual area (ultra)
gvim -O file1 file2 " open into a vertical split (side by side,for comparing code) [N]
gvim -c 'normal ggdG"*p' c:/aaa/xp " Access paste buffer contents (put in a script/batch file)
gvim -c 's/^/\=@*/|hardcopy!|q!' " print paste contents to default printer
gvim -h " VIM Command Line Help
gvim -h " help " Command line tricks
gvim -o file1 file2 " open into a horizontal split (file1 on top, file2 on bottom) [C]
gvim -u NONE -U NONE -N " load VIM without .vimrc and plugins (clean VIM) e.g. for HUGE files
gvim ftp://www.somedomain.com/index.html # uses netrw.vim
gvim.exe -c "/main" joe.c " Open joe.c & jump to "main" " execute one command after opening file
i<c-r>/ " Retrieving last Search Command for copy & pasting into text
i<c-r>: " Retrieving last command line command for copy & pasting into text
iab phpdb exit("<hr>Debug <C-R>a  "); " Simple PHP debugging display all variables yanked into register a
imap ,,, <esc>bdwa<<esc>pa><cr></<esc>pa><esc>kA " type table,,, to get <table></table>       ### Cool ###
jumps to the last modified line. \`. jumps to the exact position of last modification
let g:I=0
ls | gvim - " edit a stream!!
map <f2>   :w<CR>:!perl -c %<CR>
map <f9>   :w<CR>:!c:/php/php.exe %<CR> " running file thru an external program (eg php)
map <C-J> <C-W>j<C-W>_ " Quick jumping between splits
map <C-K> <C-W>k<C-W>_
matchit.vim " % now matches html tags
nYP\`n^Aq " in recording q repeat with @q
noh - stop highlighting the current search (if 'hlsearch' is enabled). Highlighting is automatically restored for the next search.
o/O insert a new line after/before the current line and switch to insert mode.
qQ@qq " Make an existing recording q recursive [N]
qa starts a recording in register 'a'. q stops it. @a repeats the recording. 5@a repeats it 5 times.
qaq " empty register "a"
qqq " empty register "q"
r!cat - reads into the buffer from stdin and avoids using :set paste (use ctrl-d to finish)
s - delete characters and start insert mode (s stands for Substitute). e.g. 3s - delete three characters and start insert mode.
set showbreak - set characters to prefix wrapped lines with. e.g. ":set showbreak=+++\ " (white space must be escaped)
set wildignore - ignore matching files when using tab complete on filenames. e.g. :set wildignore=*.o,*.lo
set wildmenu - enhanced filename completion. left and right navigates matches; up and down navigates directories
substitute flag 'n' - count how many substitutions would be made, but don't actually make any
u@. " execute command JUST typed in
use \v in your regex to set the mode to 'very magic' and avoid confusion (:h \v for more info)
v " enter visual mode
vEU " Upper Case Word
vE~ " Flip Case Word
vim +<num> - start vim and place the cursor on line <lnum>. If lnum is not specified, start at the end of the file
vim - " - start vim and read from standard input. e.g. with syntax enabled, get a coloured diff from git: git diff | vim -
vim --remote <file> - open a file in an existing vim session
vim -c "%s/ABC/DEF/ge | update" file1.c " execute multiple command on a single file
vim -c "argdo %s/ABC/DEF/ge | update" *.c " execute multiple command on a group of files
vim -c "argdo /begin/+1,/end/-1g/^/d | update" *.c " remove blocks of text from a series of files
vim -c [command] will launch vim and run a : command at launch, e.g. "vim -c NERDTree."
vim -d file1 file2 shows the differences between two files.
vim -p <files> - load all files listed in separate tabs. e.g. vim -p *.c
vim -p fred.php joe.php " open files in tabs
vim -s "convert.vim" file.c " Automate editing of a file (Ex commands in convert.vim)
vmap ,c :s/\<\(.\)\(\k*\)\>/\u\1\L\2/g<CR> " Titlise Visually Selected Text (map for .vimrc)
vnoremap <F6> :s/\%V\<\(\w\)\(\w*\)\>/\u\1\L\2/ge<cr> [N] " Title Case A Line Or Selection (better)
v}zf " fold paragraph using visual
when substituting, \u makes just first character upper (like \l for lower) and \U is upper equivalent for \L
win32 users must remap CNTRL-A
y/fred/                                "yank until fred
ysiw' to surround current word with ',cs' {changes word to {word}} using the surround plugin
yy@" " same thing using unnamed register
zc " re-close fold
zf'a " fold to mark
zf1G " fold everything before this line [N]
zfG " fold everything after this line [N]
zo " open fold
zt, zz, zb: scroll so that the current position of the cursor is moved to the top, middle or bottom of the screen
} - move to the next blank line ( { - move to previous blank line)
</code>